The Oceania Athletics Championships brings together the 20 member federations of the Oceania Athletics Association, along with associate members and invitational teams, to compete at the highest-level meet available in the Oceania area. Staged every two years since 1990 and run as a World Athletics area championship, it is a crucial source of world ranking points counting towards qualification for the World Athletics Championships and the Olympic Games. The 2024 edition in Suva, Fiji and the 2026 edition in Darwin, Australia have been all-inclusive championships, with senior, U18, U20, Masters and Para competition run together at the same meet.

The first championships were held in Suva, Fiji in 1990, originally on a four-yearly cycle before moving to a biennial format after the 1994 edition. The competition ran as split eastern and western regional championships in 2011 and 2012, then returned to a single area championships in 2013. The 2021 edition, scheduled for Port Vila, Vanuatu, was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the only cancellation in the event’s history.